工口影院

Citation

Galanos V & Xi I (2025) Facing GAIa: A Tale of Three ChatGPToxicities. Deleuze and Guattari Studies, 19 (3), pp. 450-480. https://doi.org/10.3366/dlgs.2025.0609

Abstract
In light of generative artificial intelligence’s (GAI) recent successful applications and associated pair of hype and scepticism, we revitalise Félix Guattari’s three ecologies framework, suggesting its usefulness as a mapping and decision-making tool appropriate to times of high complexity. Through an extant review of current literature with OpenAI’s ChatGPT AI text generator as a case study, we highlight how the three registers of Guattari’s framework (environmental, personal and social) are relevant to the technology’s study and regulation. On the environmental register, we examine the greenhouse gas emissions and water footprint associated with integrated world capitalism’s national mandates for technological superiority. On the personal level of human subjectivity, we focus on the production of truthfulness as part of human subjectivity production, in the context of mis/disinformation dissemination with ChatGPT. On the register of the social, we focus on imperceptible labour practices and power asymmetries between elite producers of GAI and outsourced labour in the majority world. We conclude by proposing an agenda for future research taking into account Guattari’s framework and his four dimensions of semiotic research.

Journal
Deleuze and Guattari Studies: Volume 19, Issue 3